Figure 4.

Cell viability assay. Alamar Blue cell viability assay of Karpas 299 cells after 72 hours of treatment with vcMMAE (purple) and TMV-vcMMAE (blue) at 0.02 nM to 200 nM vcMMAE; non-conjugated TMV was also tested using the protein concentration corresponding to the highest vcMMAE dose (200 nM), toxicity of TMV was not observed. Error bars denote the standard deviation (experiments were done in triplicate). Data were analyzed and graphed using Prism® v6.0 b software. (A color version of this figure is available in the online journal.)

vcMMAE: valine-citrulline monomethyl auristatin E; TMV: tobacco mosaic virus