Table 6.
Comparison of fluency indices by subdivisions within the students with specific learning disabilities (LD) group expressed as mean (M), standard error (SE), minimum score (min), and maximum score (max).
Fluency index | Subdivisions of the LD group |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
−ADHD (n = 40) | +ADHD (n = 13) | −Accom (n = 15) | +Accom(n = 37) | RI only(n = 23) | LI only(n = 9) | RI + LI (n = 16) | |
Overall fluency | |||||||
M | 25 | 23 | 27a | 23a | 27b | 23 | 22b |
SE | 0.89 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.77 | 1.1 | 1.58 | 1.2 |
min | 15.5 | 16 | 18 | 15.5 | 15.5 | 19.5 | 16 |
max | 36.5 | 35.5 | 36.5 | 36 | 36.5 | 32.5 | 35.5 |
Cluster size | |||||||
M | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.4c | 3.0 | 2.9c |
SE | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.10 | .16 | 0.12 |
min | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 |
max | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
Embedded cluster ratio | |||||||
M | .39 | .37 | .43 | .37 | .44 | .26 | .38 |
SE | .04 | .06 | .06 | .04 | .05 | .08 | .06 |
min | 0 | .13 | .10 | 0 | .10 | 0 | 0 |
max | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .89 | .60 | 1.0 |
Cluster switch ratio | |||||||
M | .42 | .33 | .39 | .40 | .43 | .36 | .37 |
SE | .03 | .05 | .04 | .03 | .03 | .05 | .04 |
min | .04 | .05 | .04 | .04 | .20 | .08 | .04 |
max | .79 | .69 | .61 | .79 | .75 | .65 | .79 |
Slope | |||||||
M | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.4 |
SE | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.54 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.82 | 0.45 |
min | 2.0 | 3.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 |
max | 10.5 | 7.5 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 8.0 |
Note. ADHD = attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Accom = classroom accommodations; RI = reading impairment; LI = language impairment. Values marked by like superscripts differ at p < .05.