Table 5. Severity of depressive disorders in HIV-infected adults evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
| First Author, year by chronological order | Country | Study years | HIV+ N | HIV- N | Demographic data | Clinical data | Tools | Main results or Prevalence (%) (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Men (%) | Education level (%) | CD4 cell count /mm3 | CDC/WHO stage (%) | ART (%) | |||||||
| BDI 13 items | ||||||||||||
| Amberbir et al, 2008 [58] | Ethiopia | 2006–2007 | 400 | NA | • 30** • Range • 19–58 |
40.3% | Secondary 50.3% | CD4<200: 72.2% |
• WHO 3/4: 66.3% / 24.8% |
100% | Cut-off ≥10 | • At baseline: 55.8% • At follow-up: 49.6% |
| BDI 21 items | ||||||||||||
| Kagee et al, 2013 [59] | South Africa | NA | 200 | NS | 34.05 (7.6)* | 21% | • Secondary: 65.3% • Tertiary: 7.1% |
NA | NA | 100% | • Moderate 17–30 • Severe ≥31 |
• Moderate 28.5% • Severe 16.2% |
| Nel et al, 2013 [9] | South Africa | NA | 101 | NA | 35.04 (7.05)* | 17.8% | NA | NA | NA | 100% | • Mild 14–19 • Moderate 20–28 • Severe 29–63 |
• Mild 11.7% • Moderate 22.3% • Severe 18.1% |
| Kagee et al, 2010 [60] | South Africa | NA | 85 | NS | 32.8 (7.6)* | 24.7% | • Secondary: 10% • Tertiary: 90% |
NA | NA | yes/no | • Mild 10–18 • Moderate 19–29 • Severe 30–63 |
• Mild 24.7% • Moderate 20% • Severe 17.6% |
| Lawler et al, 2011 [39] | Bostwana | 2008 | 120 | NA | 37.5 (6.5)* | 50% | • Secondary: 48% • Tertiary: 15% |
360.4 (181.4)* CD4<200: 20% | NA | 97.5% | • Fast screen 7 items • Cut-off ≥4 |
38% (mild: 59%; moderate: 27%; severe: 14%) |
Abbreviations: ART: Antiretroviral Therapy; CI: Confidence Interval; IQR: InterQuartile Range; NA: Not available; SD: Standard Deviation.
*Mean (SD)
** Median (IQR)
NB: Articles are presented in function of ART status of included patients