Fig. 4.

The strength of directed interactions is modulated by the linguistic input. (A) Connections showing stronger interactions in the word list condition than in the sentence condition (P < 0.05, corrected Bonferroni–Holm). Blue parcels indicate nodes for outflow and yellow parcels indicate nodes for inflow. (B) Connections showing stronger interactions for early words in the sentences, compared with late words in the sentences. The connections shown in the red boxes show a significant interaction effect (P < 0.05, corrected), on top of a significant early vs. late effect. (C) Bar graphs show condition-specific mean (±SEM) Granger causal strength for the outlined connections.