Table 2.

Age- and multivariable-adjusted relative risks for incident kidney stones by low bone density (1995–2013)

	No Low Bone Density	Low Bone Density	P Value
Cases	2302	262
Person-yr	1,081,620	98,240
Age-adjusted RR	1.0 (ref)	1.24 (1.08, 1.42)	0.002
MV-adjusted RR	1.0 (ref)	1.39 (1.20, 1.62)	<0.001

Data are presented as number of cases or person-years and RR (95% confidence interval). Multivariable model: Adjusted for age, body mass index, dietary factors (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sucrose, fructose, sodium, animal protein, vitamin D, vitamin C, phosphorus, alcohol, caffeine, total fluid), supplemental calcium intake, thiazide, family history of kidney stones, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, menopausal status, bisphosphonate use, and postmenopausal hormone use. RR, relative risk; ref, reference; MV, multivariable.