Table 3.
Associations of additional covariates with all-cause mortality, technique failure, and the composite of death and technique failure
| Variable | Death | Technique Failure | Death and Technique Failure |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of events | 269 | 503 | 772 |
| AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | |
| Age, yr | |||
| 18–34 (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 35–54 | 3.40 (1.3 to 8.6) | 1.0 (0.65 to 1.56) | 1.17 (0.79 to 1.73) |
| 55–64 | 5.90 (2.30 to 15) | 1.09 (0.68 to 1.76) | 1.49 (0.99 to 2.3) |
| 65–74 | 6.40 (2.40 to 16.9) | 2.34 (1.43 to 3.9) | 2.57 (1.65 to 3.99) |
| >75 | 16.5 (6.10 to 44.70) | 1.47 (0.79 to 2.74) | 2.71 (1.70 to 4.3) |
| Race | |||
| White (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Asian | 1.18 (0.60 to 2.30) | 0.88 (0.51 to 1.50) | 0.96 (0.64 to 1.43) |
| Black | 1.90 (0.75 to 4.80) | 1.47 (0.87 to 2.49) | 1.49 (0.92 to 2.30) |
| Other | 0.72 (0.41 to 1.29) | 1.70 (1.16 to 2.50) | 1.43 (1.01 to 2.02) |
| Men | 1.1 (0.76 to 1.50) | 0.85 (0.66 to 1.10) | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) |
| Primary diagnosis | |||
| GN | 0.23 (0.12 to 0.45) | 0.60 (0.39 to 0.93) | 0.48 (0.33 to 0.69) |
| Diabetes | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Renovascular disease | 0.37 (0.21 to 0.65) | 0.89 (0.60 to 1.34) | 0.70 (0.51 to 0.97) |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 0.15 (0.06 to 0.38) | 0.58 (0.35 to 0.97) | 0.42 (0.27 to 0.66) |
| Failed kidney transplant | 0.37 (0.13 to 1.04) | 0.53 (0.27 to 1.06) | 0.47 (0.26 to 0.83) |
| Other | 0.40 (0.23 to 0.70) | 0.99 (0.67 to 1.48) | 0.79 (0.57 to 1.10) |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Diabetes | 2.7 (1.60 to 4.40) | 1.23 (0.80 to 1.9) | 1.54 (1.1 to 2.14) |
| CADa | 1.2 (0.80 to 1.70) | 0.95 (0.67 to 1.36) | 1.02 (0.79 to 1.33) |
| PVD | 2.0 (1.30 to 3.10) | 1.0 (0.65 to 1.58) | 1.39 (1.03 to 1.88) |
| Previous CVA | 1.0 (0.60 to 1.70) | 1.24 (0.58 to 2.67) | 1.14 (0.67 to 1.94) |
| Current smokera | 1.8 (0.99 to 3.40) | 1.62 (1.17 to 2.25) | 1.67 (1.27 to 2.21) |
| Vascular access type | |||
| AV access | 0.46 (0.29 to 0.71) | 0.76 (0.52 to 1.10) | 0.65 (0.48 to 0.87) |
| CVC (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | |||
| <18.5 | 0.89 (0.4 to 1.97) | 0.70 (0.26 to 1.89) | 0.71 (0.36 to 1.38) |
| 18.5–24.9 (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–29.9 | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.00) | 1.06 (0.73 to 1.54) | 0.91 (0.68 to 1.22) |
| ≥30 | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.38) | 1.16 (0.83 to 1.60) | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.34) |
| ESRD vintage, per yr | 1.1 (0.99 to 1.18) | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.10) | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.10) |
| Prior RRT | |||
| None | 0.52 (0.18 to 1.44) | 2.09 (1.1 to 3.97) | 1.55 (0.88 to 2.73) |
| In-center hemodialysis | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| PD | 0.82 (0.41 to 1.66) | 0.70 (0.41 to 1.19) | 0.76 (0.49 to 1.17) |
| Kidney transplant | 0.26 (0.03 to 2.30) | 0.29 (0.04 to 2.39) | 0.29 (0.06 to 1.42) |
| Facility size | |||
| Small (1–4) | 0.31 (0.12 to 0.82) | 0.74 (0.39 to 1.43) | 0.60 (0.33 to 1.08) |
| Medium (5–9) | 0.64 (0.41 to 1.00) | 0.66 (0.45 to 0.96) | 0.63 (0.47 to 0.85) |
| Large (>9) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Home hemodialysis modality | |||
| Conventional | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Short daily | 0.69 (0.40 to 1.19) | 1.09 (0.77 to 1.05) | 0.97 (0.72 to 1.30) |
| Slow nocturnal | 1.03 (0.66 to 1.59) | 0.99 (0.70 to 1.42) | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.30) |
| Neighborhood income quintile (per quintile increase) | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.08) | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.97) | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.97) |
| Distance from the dialysis facility, km | |||
| <15 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 15–25 | 0.87 (0.51 to 1.49) | 0.74 (0.50 to 1.09) | 0.75 (0.55 to 1.04) |
| 26–50 | 0.64 (0.35 to 1.16) | 0.54 (0.34 to 0.85) | 0.55 (0.37 to 0.80) |
| 51–75 | 1.6 (0.85 to 3.05) | 0.54 (0.27 to 1.09) | 0.74 (0.46 to 1.21) |
| 76–100 | 1.04 (0.51 to 2.10) | 1.32 (0.83 to 2.10) | 1.25 (0.83 to 1.88) |
| >100 | 1.16 (0.68 to 1.96) | 0.72 (0.48 to 1.05) | 0.82 (0.61 to 1.10) |
AHR, adjusted hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ref, referent group; CAD, coronary artery disease; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; AV, arteriovenous; CVC, central venous catheter; PD, peritoneal dialysis.
a
All models adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass, vascular access type, dialysis vintage, home hemodialysis modality, region, facility size, distance, income quintile, primary diagnosis, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and smoking status.