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. 2017 Aug 4;7:7345. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07433-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Efficacy of peramivir treatment on survival of immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice inoculated with influenza BR/08 virus. BALB/c and BALB scid mice (n = 5/group) were lightly anesthetized with isoflurane and inoculated with 5 MLD₅₀ (2.5 × 10⁵ TCID₅₀/mouse) of influenza BR/08 virus. The NAI peramivir was administered by IM injection at a dose of 75 mg/kg/day (0.1 mL/mouse) once a day in a single-dose (1×: +24 hpi), double-dose (2×: +24 and +72 hpi), or four-dose (4×: +24, +72, +120, and +168 hpi) regimen. Control animals received IM injection of sterile RNAse-free water in a four-dose regimen (4×: +24, +72, +120, and +168 hpi). The graphs show the weight loss (a,c) and survival (b,d) of inoculated mice, which were monitored and observed daily, up to 30 dpi. The bar charts show the effect of peramivir treatment (1×: +24 hpi or 2×: +24 and +72 hpi) on virus titers in nasal turbinates (e,f), lungs (g,h), and BALFs (i,j) of BALB/c and BALB scid mice (n = 3/group/time-point) inoculated with BR/08 virus at 4, 6, 9, 13, 16 and 30 dpi. Virus titers were determined by TCID₅₀ assays in MDCK cells. *P < 0.05, compared between control and peramivir-treated mice inoculated with BR/08 virus. Probabilities for survival were determined by the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests, and the differences in weight were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.