Table 5.

Characteristics of interventions and rates of adherence: randomized controlled trials with pre and post outcomes and control group.

First author and year	Length of study	Adherence measure and rate	Dropout rate (%)	Type of social presence	Frequency of social presence	Service user involvement in development	Measure of participant feedback and rating of acceptability
Palmier-Claus 2013 (also reported in Ainsworth et al, 2013) [29,30]	4x a day for 6 days	% of participants completing the intervention: 88, (across all participants)	1 asked to have SMSastopped 2 days early due to rumination (4.1%)	Once or twice per week based on participants preference	Once or twice per week based on participants preference	Participants were interviewed about their experience	Qualitative interviews with range of perspectives on usability, all participants completed the feedback assessments
Van der Krieke 2013 [31]	6 weeks, self-directed use of website	% of participants completing the intervention: 71% used full functionality of the website	40(55%)	Assist was available to answer questions over the phone anytime	3 days a week	Open interviews with 15 patients to evaluate the intervention	30 used the Web program
Kurtz 2015 [32]	COG REMbtreatment: 50 min/day 3 days/week for 23 weeks SSTc: 50 min/day, two days/week, for 23 weeks Computer skills: Target 50 hours over 23 weeks	% of participants completing the intervention: 100%, (min criteria for inclusion; all individuals received at least one session)	8(14.28%)	Interaction with clinician for both COG REM and computer Skills training groups SST group: 2x per week for 50 min, led by researchers	Not applicable	Not applicable	SST Mean number of sessions=32.3 COG REM Mean number of sessions=31.9 Computer skills=Mean number of sessions=32.2
Smith 2015 [33]	Up to 10 hours of virtual interviews over the course of 5 visits	Mean % of entries completed: 90% of sessions attended and completed	2(6%)	Basic contact during computer intervention	During intervention only briefly	None reported	90% attendance rates of sessions
Beebe 2014 [34]	3 months	Mean % of entries completed: 81.60 (across all participants)	2(6.6%)	Various: weekly telephone calls, daily text messages, both	Various	None reported	Phone calls plus text message group higher adherence by a mean of 5.3%
Mortiz 2016 [35]	3 months	% of participants completing the intervention; 28% used it once a week	9(15%)	None- unguided	None	None reported	Feedback on use of the program, 72% rated the quality of the program as good to excellent

^aSMS: short message service.

^bCOG REM: cognitive remediation.

^cSST: social skills training.