Table 6.
Characteristics of interventions and rates of adherence: feasibility studies.
| First author and year | Length of intervention | Adherence measure and rate | Dropout rate (%) | Type of social presence | Frequency of social presence | Service user involvement in development | Measure of participant feedback and rating of acceptability |
| Nahum 2014 [36] | Total of 24 h of Web-based training, 1-2 h per day for 6-12 weeks | % of participants completing the intervention: 78 (completed 24 h of the intervention across all participants) | 8(22-23% attrition rate) | None reported | None reported | Subjects rated their satisfaction in the training program | Subjects took 8.1 weeks (mean) to complete the 24 h of training |
| Gleeson 2014 (update of Alvarez-Jimenez, 2013) [37] | 1 month | % of participants completing the intervention: 60 (completed at least three modules, eg, 33%) | None: all accessed modules |
Peer-to-peer Web-based social networking Coaches (expert moderator) |
Coaches moderated Web-based activity 2 hours/day weekdays, 1h/day weekend | Developed with service user group | 70% completed 30 weeks, 60% completed >3 Web-based therapy modules, and 75% reported a positive experience |
| Ben-Zeev 2014 [3] | 12 weeks | Mean % of entries completed: 87.00 (mean response rate to text messages for all participants) |
5 (11%) | Mobile interventionist: clinical social worker | Daily, up to 3 text messages a day | None described | Participants responded to 87% (mean) of messages and 90% rated the intervention easy to use, useful, and fun |
| Ben-Zeev 2014 [38] | 1 month | Mean % of entries completed: 86.5 (rate of access to the system for all participants) | 1(3%) | Researcher called participant to check in and assist with technical difficulties | 1x/week | Developed through service user feedback | 90% rated the intervention as highly acceptable, 12% reported it was a complicated intervention, reductions in symptoms PANSSaand BDIb |
| Palmier-Claus 2013 [39] | 6x a day for 7 days | Mean % of entries completed:72 for those who were compliant with the intervention (eg, completed 33% of data) | 8(18%) | Researcher telephoned participant at least once per week to offer advice and encouragement | Once or twice per week based on participants preference | None described | 82% of participants met compliance criteria of completing at least 33% of the entries |
| Ventura 2013 [5] | 6 weeks, 2 hours/week | Mean % of entries completed: 75 (response rate across all participants) | 1(11%) | Regular phone contact with the study team | Not applicable | None reported | 5 participants completed 12 or more sessions (75% of patients reached adherence criteria) |
| Schlosser 2016 [40] | At least once per week for 12 weeks | Mean % of entries completed (challenges completed) | 0 | Ranged from once a week in stage 1, to 5x a week in stage 2 | Once a day, modified to the service users preference | User-centered design model where participants gave feedback on the iterative development of PRIMEcin two stages | Mean overall satisfaction with PRIME 8/ 10 |
aPANSS: positive and negative syndrome scale.
bBDI: Beck depression inventory.
cPRIME: personalized real-time intervention for motivation enhancement.