Table 2.

Isolated rhamnolipid-producing strains

Strain	Carbon source	Maximum yield (g/l)	References
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	2.5% (w/v) sunflower oil	36.7	[93]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Z41	3% (v/v) waste frying oil	9	[94]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027	0.5% (w/v) glucose	13.3–46.8 (rhamnose equivalents)	[95]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa O-2-2	8% (w/v) soybean oil + 2, 4 and 4% (w/v) after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively	70.56	[65]
Pseudomonas chlororaphis NRRL B-30761	2% (w/v) glucose	1	[96]
Pseudomonas fluorescens HW-6	1.5% (w/v) hexadecane	1.4–2	[97]
Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula 1895	2% (v/v) olive oil	2	[98]
Pseudomonas indica MTCC 3714	4% (w/v) combination of rice bran, de-oiled rice bran and glucose	9.6	[99]
Pseudomonas luteola B17	5% (w/v) molasses	0.53	[100]
Pseudomonas nitroreducens	4% (w/v) glucose	5.46	[101]
Pseudomonas putida B12	5% (w/v) molasses	0.52	[100]
Pseudomonas putida 21BN	2% (w/v) glucose	1.2 (rhamnose equivalents)	[102]
Pseudomonas putida BD2	2% (w/v) glucose	0.15	[103]
Pseudomonas stutzeri	1% (w/v) mannitol + 1% (w/v) coal	8.74 (rhamnose equivalents)	[104]
Burkholderia glumae	2% (w/v) canola oil	1.007	[105]
Burkholderia kururiensis KP23T	3% (w/v) glycerol	0.78	[48]
Burkholderia plantarii DSM 9509T	1% (w/v) glucose	0.04574	[106]
Burkholderia pseudomallei NCTC 10274	4% (v/v) glycerol	NA	[107]
Burkholderia thailandensis E264	4% (v/v) canola oil	1.473	[108]
	4% (v/v) glycerol	2.79	[109]
Acinetobacter sp. YC-X 2	0.186% (w/v) n-hexadecane	1.15	[110]
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NRRL B-59190	1% (v/v) glycerol	2	[12, 111]
	2% (w/v) sodium citrate	1.2	[12]
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NRRL B-59191	1% (v/v) glycerol	2.2	[111]
Enterobacter asburiae NRRL B-59189	1% (v/v) glycerol	2	[111]
	2% (w/v) sodium citrate	0.51	[12]
Enterobacter hormaechei NRRL B-59185	1% (v/v) glycerol	2.4	[111]
Nocardioides sp. A-8	2% (w/v) n-paraffin	NA	[112]
Pantoea stewartii	1% (v/v) glycerol	2.2	[111]
Pseudoxanthomonas sp. PNK-04	2% (w/v) mannitol	0.28	[113]
Renibacterium salmoninarum 27BN	2% (w/v) n-hexadecane	0.8 (rhamnose equivalents)	[114]
Serriatia rubidaea SNAU02	2.931% (w/v) mannitol	NA	[33]
Streptomyces sp. ISP2-49E	0.4% (w/v) glucose	NA	[115]
Tetragenococcus koreensis sp. nov.	1% (w/v) glucose + 1% (w/v) sodium acetate	NA	[116]
Thermus aquaticus CCM 3488	0.2% (w/v) sunflower oil	2.79	[117]
Thermus sp. CCM 4212	0.2% (w/v) sunflower oil	2.12	[117]
Meiothermus ruber CCM 2842	0.2% (w/v) sunflower oil	1.505	[117]

The non-reported yield is labeled as NA