miR-451−/− mice have increased CD4+ T-cell responses to infection. Spleens were isolated from WT and miR-451−/− mice either pre or day 9 postinfection. The numbers of a) B cells, b) CD8+ and c) CD4+ T-cells were quantified by flow cytometry. MiR-451−/− mice had increased CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells compared to WT mice (mean ± S.E.M., N=4-5, * P<0.01). d–e) Accelerated parasite clearance in miR-451−/− mice is in part CD4+ T-cell dependent. Infected WT and miR-451−/− mice were treated with d) CD4+ depleting antibody or e) CD8+ depleting antibody. Parasitemia was determined over time (mean ± S.E.M., N=4–8, *P<0.05, 2-way ANOVA with Tukey post-test). f) Baseline T-helper and T reg cells are increased in miR-451−/− mice compared to WT mice (mean ± S.E.M, N=4-5, * P<0.01). g) CD4+ cells are increased in miR-451−/− mice compared to WT mice post-infection. Mice were infected with P yoelii XNL and T helper and T reg numbers determined on day 9 (mean ± S.E.M., N=4-5, * P<0.05, **P<0.01). h) Increased CD4+ cell responses are hematopoietic dependent. WT mice were lethally irradiated and bone marrow transplanted with WT or miR-451−/− bone marrow and infected with P yoelii XNL. MiR-451−/− reconstituted mice had increased T helper and T reg responses on day 9 post infection (mean ± S.E.M., N=4-5, * P<0.05, **P<0.01; representative of 2 separate experiments).