Table 1.
Study design and participant characteristics
| Ref. | Study design/country/year | No. of participants | Mean age | % male | Participant inclusion criteria and procedural details |
| Benit et al[26] | Randomized trial; Belgium; 1994-1995 | 50 | 57.7 | 100% | Participants had transradial coronary angioplasty with 6-Fr catheters and Palmaz-Schatz stent |
| Campeau et al[27] | Cohort study; Canada; Unclear | 100 | 58 (median) | 90% | Participants had transradial coronary angiogram with 5-Fr, 6-Fr and 7-Fr sheath |
| Chatelain et al[28] | Cohort study; Switzerland; 1995-1997 | 159 | 60 | 82% | Participants had transradial diagnostic and interventional cardiac procedures with 4-Fr, 5-Fr or 6-Fr introducer sheath and guide catheters with RadiStop radial compression system |
| De Belder et al[29] | Cohort study; United Kingdom; Unclear | 75 | Unclear | 69% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and intervention and severe peripheral vascular disease with 5-Fr or 6-Fr sheath and 6-Fr guide catheter |
| Kiemeneij et al[30] | Cohort study; The Netherlands; 1992-1993 | 100 | 62 | 77% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography with 6-Fr introducer and 6-Fr-guide catheters |
| Lotan et al[31] | Cohort study; Israel; 1994 | 100 | 61 | 79% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty with 6-Fr introducer and 6-Fr guide catheters |
| Prull et al[32] | Cohort study; Germany; Unclear | 93 | 62.5 | 80.6% | Participants had transradial diagnostic cardiac catheterization with 5-Fr or 6-Fr sheath or transradial coronary intervention with 7-Fr sheath |
| Sciahbasi et al[33] | Prospective cohort study; Italy; Unclear | 99 | 65 | 72% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty with 6-Fr introducer sheath |
| Tharmaratnam et al[35] | Retrospective case control study; United Kingdom; 2005-2006 | 1283 | 65.5 | 79% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty |
| Valgimigli et al[39] | Prospective cohort study; The Netherlands, Italy; 2014 | 942 | 70 | 73% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty |
| Van Leeuwen et al[24] | Prospective cohort study; The Netherlands; 2015 | 286 | 64 | 72% | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty with 6-Fr introducer sheath |
| Wu et al[37] | Cohort study; United States; 1996-1998 | 40 | 65 | 88% | Participants underwent 6-Fr and 8-Fr transradial procedure |
| Zankl et al[34] | Prospective cohort study; Germany; 2010 | 488 | Unclear | Unclear | Participants had transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty with 5- and 6-Fr introducer, 4-, 5- and 6-Fr catheters |