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. 2017 Jan 3;7(1):e991. doi: 10.1038/tp.2016.254

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

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EtOH interferes with the consolidation of behavioral extinction. (a) Schematic illustration of the fear conditioning paradigm. (b) Freezing (% time) for each of the CS–US pairing trails during day 0 of fear conditioning, demonstrating an establishment of the CS–US pairing. (c) Freezing during the first and last 30 s of the retrieval period showing that EtOH did not interfere with the reconsolidation of fear conditioning. (d) Repeated CS exposure during extinction trials resulted in a gradual decrease in the CR that was similar in mice previously exposed to EtOH or water. (e) Fear relapse trials showing reinstatement of the CR in mice exposed to EtOH. Data are presented as mean±s.e.m. of n=20 per condition; significant differences between first 30 s and last 30 s in retrieval; between water and EtOH were determined by one-way ANOVA. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 compared with water. ANOVA, analysis of variance; CR, conditioned response; CS, conditioned stimulus; EtOH, ethanol; FC, fear conditioning; US, unconditioned stimulus.