Table 1.
Participant information
| Variable | Category | GERD | Controls | Controls | *P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | Older | Younger | |||
| n = 105 | n = 25 | n = 25 | |||
| Age (years) | 66.4 ± 13.0 | 68.3 ± 8.2 | 28.7 ± 2.6 | NA | |
| Sex | M | 57 (54.2%) | 12 (48.0%) | 11 (44.0%) | 0.596 |
| BMI (kg/cm2) | 22.9 ± 3.6 | 22.8 ± 4.3 | 22.1 ± 3.3 | 0.489 | |
| Alcohol use | Yes | 29 (27.6%) | 6 (24.0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 0.292 |
| Tobacco use | Yes | 19 (18.1%) | 3 (12.0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 0.675 |
| Bruxism | Yes | 18 (17.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0.041* |
GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease, NA Not applied, M Male, BMI Body mass index
*P values of Kruskal-Wallis test or Fisher’s exact test were determined as significant by P < 0.05