Table 3.

Univariate (a) and multivariate (b) binary regression analysis of clinicopathological parameters and Ki-67 expression predicting recurrence of initial stage pTa urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

a)
Parameter	Odds ratio
	(95% Confidence Interval)	p value
Gender female vs. male	0.814 (0.494– 1.341)	0.420
Age per year	1.024 (1.007– 1.042)	0.006
WHO Grading 1973 G3 vs. G1/2	0.821 (0.383– 1.760)	0.613
Associated CIS	0.497 (0.184– 1.346)	0.169
Multifocality	1.126 (0.776– 1.635)	0.532
Tumor size ≥3 vs. <3 cm	1.258 (0.678– 2.336)	0.467
Instillation therapy yes vs. no	0.504 (0.330– 0.767)	0.001
Ki-67 expression ≥50% vs. < 50%	2.632 (1.845– 3.753)	<0.001

Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval, CIS: carcinoma in situ; WHO: World Health Organization.