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Static retinal vessel analysis by semi-automatically tracing all vessels in a range of 0.5 to 1 its diameter around the optic disc. By dividing the sum of diameters of arterioles and venules, the arteriovenous ratio is calculated. The “Atherosclerosis in Community Study” (ARIC) has widely validated association of the arteriovenous ratio with cardiovascular risk and outcome. Normal values are age-dependent and lie in a range of 0.75–1 [55]
