(A) Live cell intracellular calcium concentrations, and (B) TNAP mRNA, (C) protein, and (D) relative enzyme activity from human coronary smooth muscle cells (SMCs) cultured in control media (CM) or osteogenic media (OM) for two weeks with DMSO vehicle (0.01%) or Mdivi-1 (50 μmol/L). (E) Relative media pyrophosphate (PPi) from human coronary SMCs treated for two weeks. (F) Representative Alizarin Red stain image and quantification from human coronary artery SMCs treated with Mdivi-1 or DRP1 siRNA for three weeks. (G) Representative Alizarin Red stain and quantification for human aortic SMCs treated for three weeks in OM with H2O2 (0.3mmol/L), with or without Mdivi-1. (H) Human coronary artery SMC media COL1A1 ELISA from cells treated for two weeks. (I) COL1A1 mRNA from human coronary artery SMCs treated for two weeks. (J) Representative Osteosense (red; calcification) and CNA immunofluorescence (green; collagen) from human coronary artery SMCs treated for three weeks. N=3–6 donors; ns not significant, * P <0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001, ****<0.0001; error bars indicate STDEV.