Figure 1.

Dose-response relationship of arsenic with CIMT, presence of plaque and plaque score using restricted cubic splines. Solid lines represent adjusted estimates based on restricted quadratic splines for log transformed arsenic with knots at the 5^th, 50^th, and 95^th percentiles. The green shade areas represent the corresponding 95^th confidence intervals. The reference is set at the 10^th percentile of arsenic distribution (3.76 μg/g). Adjustment factors are the same as in Tables 2 to 4 (Model 4). Vertical bars represent a histogram of urine arsenic distribution among the study participants. Nine participants in the extreme tail of the distribution are not shown in the histogram.