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TAR RNA as molecular chaperone for Tat protein. The folding of the HIV virulence factor Tat protein is regulated by its interacting TAR RNA. The TAR–Tat interaction at the TAR interaction domain prevents Tat from misfolding and keeps it as ‘folding competent’ state, enabling Tat to further interact with cellular factors, e.g.,cyclin T1 (pink) and P-TEFb (blue) for transactivation.
