Table 2.
T1D Sample Population
| nPOD Case No. | Age (y) | Duration of Diabetes | Sex | Ethnicity | Cause of Death | C-Peptide (ng/mL) | HbA1c (%) | Autoantibody Count | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children (1.5–13.9 y) | 6063 | 4.4 | 3.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 |
| 6209 | 5.0 | 0.3 | F | W | DKA/CE | 0.1 | n/a | 3 | |
| 6062 | 10.7 | 6.0 | M | AA | DKA/CE | n/a | 12.4 | n/a | |
| 6265 | 11.0 | 8 | M | W | C/S | 0.06 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6052 | 12.0 | 1.0 | M | AA | CE | 0.18 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6264 | 12.0 | 9 | F | W | DKA | 0.001 | 8.9 | 0 | |
| 6268 | 12.0 | 3 | F | W | AX | 0.05 | 9.8 | 1 | |
| 6228 | 13.0 | 0 | M | W | AX | 0.1 | 13.3 | 3 | |
| 6243 | 13.0 | 5 | M | W | C/S | 0.42 | 13.1 | 1 | |
| 6113 | 13.1 | 1.6 | F | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| Adolescents (14–20.9 y) | 6084 | 14.2 | 4.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 |
| 6089 | 14.3 | 8.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | 10.4 | 1 | |
| 6049 | 15.0 | 10.0 | F | AA | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6083 | 15.2 | 11.0 | F | W | DKA/CE | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6207 | 16.0 | 10 | F | AA | C/S | 0.001 | n/a | 3 | |
| 6261 | 16.0 | 14.2 | M | W | AX | 0.001 | 7.2 | 2 | |
| 6148 | 17.1 | 7 | M | W | AX | 0.001 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6087 | 17.5 | 4.0 | M | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6145 | 18.0 | 11.0 | M | W | HT | 0.06 | n/a | 3 | |
| 6237 | 18.0 | 12 | F | W | HT | 0.001 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6195 | 19.2 | 5.0 | M | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6161 | 19.2 | 7 | F | W | C/S | 0.001 | 11.1 | 3 | |
| 6064 | 19.6 | 9.0 | F | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 4 | |
| 6212 | 20.0 | 5 | M | W | AX | 0.001 | 6.4 | 1 | |
| Young adults (21–39 y) | 6224 | 21.0 | 1.5 | F | W | AX | 0.001 | n/a | 0 |
| 6198 | 22.0 | 3 | F | H/L | C/S | 0.001 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6245 | 22.0 | 7 | M | W | HT | 0.001 | n/a | n/a | |
| 6026 | 22.4 | 14.0 | M | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6070 | 22.6 | 7.0 | F | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 4 | |
| 6069 | 22.9 | 7.0 | M | AA | HT | n/a | n/a | 1 | |
| 6025 | 23.8 | 19.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6211 | 24.0 | 4 | F | AA | AX | 0.001 | 10.5 | 4 | |
| 6247 | 24.0 | 0.6 | M | W | HT | 0.47 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6196 | 26.0 | 15 | F | AA | AX | 0.48 | n/a | 0 | |
| 6041 | 26.3 | 23.0 | M | W | C/S | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6039 | 28.7 | 12.0 | F | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 4 | |
| 6088 | 31.2 | 5.0 | M | W | HT | <0.05 | n/a | 4 | |
| 6081 | 31.4 | 15.0 | M | H/L | C/S | 0.24 | n/a | 0 | |
| 6035 | 32.1 | 28.0 | M | W | C/S | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6054 | 35.1 | 30.0 | F | W | C/S | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6038 | 37.2 | 20.0 | F | W | AX | 0.2 | n/a | 0 | |
| 6031 | 39.0 | 35.0 | M | W | C/S | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| Older adults (≥40 y) | 6150 | 41.2 | 35.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 |
| 6135 | 43.5 | 21.0 | M | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 2 | |
| 6036 | 49.2 | 34.0 | F | AA | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6138 | 49.2 | 41.0 | F | W | AX | <0.05 | n/a | 1 | |
| 6040 | 50.0 | 20.0 | F | W | C/S | <0.05 | 7.3 | 1 |
T1D sample population: nPOD case number, age (years), duration of diabetes (years), sex, ethnicity, cause of death, C-peptide (ng/mL), HbA1c (%), positive autoantibodies and total autoantibody count (out of the four autoantibodies tested). T1D diagnosis for nPOD cases was based on review of terminal charts, clinical and biochemical testing, and histopathology. Consideration from medical records includes the donor’s admission course, age, BMI, laboratory profiles (chemistry, urinalysis, toxicology), diagnoses, and medications. nPOD expert clinicians and pathologists assessed medical records in conjunction with the results of biochemical tests and histopathological analysis. These include autoantibody and C-peptide testing in addition to high-resolution HLA typing. Tissue sections were screened for histological features such as presence of amyloid, islet hormones, inflammation, and fibrosis.
Abbreviations: A, Asian; AA, African American; AX, anoxia; CE, cerebral edema; C/S, cerebrovascular/stroke; DKA/CE, diabetic keto-acidosis/cerebral edema; H/L, Hispanic/Latino; HT, head trauma; n/a, not applicable; PH, pulmonary hypoplasia; W, white.