Table 3. Treatment approach after initial failed ERCP for MDBO.
| Treatment approach | Resectable MDBO | P value | Unresectable MDBO | P value | ||
| Academic | Community | Academic | Community | |||
| Repeat ERCP, n (%) | 71 (49.3) | 77 (40.3) | NS | 54 (37.5) | 74 (38.7) | NS |
| Refer for PTC, n (%) | 28 (19.4) | 42 (22) | NS | 39 (27.1) | 85 (44.5) | 0.001 |
| Directly to surgery, n (%) | 24 (16.7) | 56 (29.3) | 0.009 | 2 (1.4) | 0 | NS |
| Refer for EUS-guided biliary drainage, n (%) | 21 (14.6) | 16 (8.4) | NS | 49 (34) | 32 (16.8) | < 0.001 |
ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; MDBO, malignant distal biliary obstruction; PTC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography; EUS, endoscopic ultrasound; NS, not significant.