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. 2017 Aug 7;7:7388. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06854-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Entropy grows after Ayahuasca ingestion. Mean ± 1 standard deviation of the Shannon entropy of the distribution of node degrees, calculated over all 7 subjects, as a function of mean degree k, before (blue ∇) and after (green Δ) Ayahuasca intake. The bottom row lists p-values for Student’s paired t-test, with values p < 0.005 indicated by asterisks (*). (Confidence intervals are shown in Supplementary Figure S5). We thus see evidence against the null hypothesis of no change in entropy. Indeed, we find a significant increase in the entropy of the degree distributions after Ayahuasca ingestion. This entropy increase is the main result that we report.