(A) Effect of PL on maxilla of cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar bone crest (ABC). Buccal and palatal sides of the maxilla, where alveolar bone loss (ABL) was measured from the CEJ to the ABC at four points: mesiolingual (ML), mesiobuccal (MB), distolingual (DL), and distobuccal (DB) regions for first maxillary molar (M1) and second maxillary molar (M2). The overall result was also calculated. (B) Analysis of micro-CT volumetric parameters: bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N) and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). (C) Descriptive analysis of micro-CT and H&E staining. The H&E staining images show sagittal sections of each group at 40× magnification. Values are expressed as the mean±SD. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs the (Ligation+Pg”+”, PL”0”) group.