Table 2.
Demographics, behavioral performances, and Italian Sign Language aspects of the 46 subjects participating in the fMRI experiment
| Demographics/cognitive test | Participants in fMRI experiment | Statistics | ||
| Hearing controls (n =16) | Hearing-LIS (n = 15) | Deaf (n = 15) | ||
| Mean age, y (SD) | 30.81 (5.19) | 34.06 (5.96) | 32.26 (7.23) | F-test = 1.079 P value = 0.349 |
| Gender, male/female | 8/8 | 5/10 | 7/8 | χ2 = 0.97 P value = 0.617 |
| Hand preference, % (right/left ratio) | 71.36 (48.12) | 61.88 (50.82) | 58.63 (52.09) | K–W test = 1.15 P value = 0.564 |
| IQ mean estimate (SD) | 122.75 (8.95) | 124.76 (5.61) | 120.23 (9.71) | F-test = 0.983 P value = 0.384 |
| Composite face recognition z-score (SD) | −0.009 (1.51)** | 1.709 (1.40) | 1.704 (1.75) | F-test = 5.261 P value = 0.010 |
| LIS exposure, y (SD) | — | 25.03 (13.84) | 21.35 (9.86) | t test = −0.079 P value = 0.431 |
| LIS acquisition, y (SD) | — | 11.42 (8.95) | 9.033 (11.91) | M–W U test = 116.5 P value = 0.374 |
| LIS frequency percent time/y (SD) | — | 70.69 (44.00) | 84.80 (26.09) | M–W U test = 97 P value = 0.441 |
**
P < 0.025 in deaf versus hearing controls and in hearing-LIS versus hearing controls. K–W, Kruskal–Wallis; M–W, Mann–Whitney; SD, standard deviation.