Depletion of MDC1 exacerbates CSR defect in BRIT1 KO B cells. (A) Strategy to deplete MDC1 in ex vivo stimulated splenic B cells. B cells were harvested from control and BRIT1 KO mice, activated with LPS + IL-4, and retrovirally infected with shRNA and a GFP marker (sh3 and sh4). WB, Western blot. (B) Representative flow cytometry of CSR to IgG1 from Mb1-Cre control and BRIT1 KO mice with MDC1 knockdown constructs sh3 and sh4. (C) Quantification of CSR to IgG1 (n = 3; **P < 0.005, *P < 0.05). (D) Immunoblot analysis of BRIT1, MDC1, and AID upon MDC1 depletion.