Table 1.

Gene therapies for ventricular tachycardia

	Vector	Delivery technique	Genetic information	Species	Target tissue	Outcomes
Murata et al., 2004	adenovirus	injection into LV cavity	mutant ras-related G-protein Gem W296G	guinea pig	VM	↓ ICaL in cardiomyocytes, ↓ QT in vivo
Cingolani et al., 2007	lentivirus	injection into LV cavity	hairpin RNA for β2 LTCC	rat	VM	↓ ICaL in cardiomyocytes
Lebeche et al., 2004	adenovirus	injection into aortic root	human Kv4.3	rat	VM	↑ Ito & ↓ APD in cardiomyocytes
Mazhari et al., 2002	adenovirus	injection into LV cavity	human MiRP2	guinea pig	VM	↑ IKs & ↓ APD in cardiomyocytes, ↓ QT in vivo
Greener et al., 2012	adenovirus	antero & retrograde coronary injection	rat Cx43	swine	VM (BZ MI)	↓ EG fractionation, ↑ CV, ↓ VT
Lau et al., 2009	adenovirus	intramyocardial injection	SkM1	dog	VM (BZ MI)	↓ EG fractionation, ↓ VT
Prestia et al., 2011	adenovirus	intramyocardial injection	murine Cx32	mouse	VM	↑ infarct size, ↔ VT
Anuykhovsky et al., 2011	adenovirus	intramyocardial injection	rat SkM1 and/or murine Cx32	mouse	VM	↑ CV (SkM1), ↓ VT during IR (SkM1, Cx32)
Boink et al., 2012	adenovirus	intramyocardial injection	rat SkM1 and/or murine Cx32	dog	VM (BZ MI)	↓ EG fractionation, ↓ QRS duration; ↓ VT (SkM1), ↔ VT (Cx32, SkM1+Cx32), ↑ infarct size (Cx32)
Sasano et al., 2006, 2009	adenovirus	antero & retrograde coronary injection	mutant HERG G628S	swine	VM (BZ MI)	↑APD, ↑ ERP, ↓ VT
Cutler et al., 2009	adenovirus	injection into aortic root	SERCA2a	guinea pig	VM	↓ APD alterans in vitro & ex vivo, ↓ VT ex vivo
Cutler et al., 2013	AAV9	injection into aortic root	SERCA2a	guinea pig	VM	↓ APD alterans & ↓ VT ex vivo
Lyon et al., 2011	adenovirus AAV9	intramyocardial (adenovirus) or tail vein (AAV9)	SERCA2a (human for AAV9)	rat	VM	↓ VT ex vivo; ↓ spontaneous & isoproternol triggered VT in vivo
del Monte et al., 2004	adenovirus	intramyocardial injection	SERCA2a	rat	VM	↓ VT after I/R
Prunier et al., 2008	adenovirus	anterograde coronary injection	SERCA2a	swine	VM	↓ VT after I/R

The origin of the exogenously delivered genetic material is indicated if specified in the study. Injection into the aortic root or the LV cavity was performed during transient cross clamping of the great vessels. Intramyocardial injection was performed after thoracotomy. AAV9, adeno-associated virus serotype 9; APD, action potential duration; BZ, border zone; CV, conduction velocity; ECG, electrocardiogram; EG, electrogram; ERP, effective refractory period; HF, heart failure; I/R, ischemia reperfusion; LTCC, L-type calcium channel; LV, left ventricle; MI, myocardial infarction; VM, ventricular myocardium; VT, ventricular tachycardia.