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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 May 17;328:70–80. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.05.017

Fig. 1 — Cell spreading and adhesion in Cd-treated cells. (A) Wound healing assay. Before treatment with Cd, cross-scratches were made evenly on MDA-MB-231 cell monolayers. The cells were then treated with 0.5 or 1 μM Cd for 2 days. Representative images of cells migrating into the scratched area are shown. Bar graphs were generated using ImageJ software to measure scratch closure over 2 days, relative to the original scratch. Results are plotted as mean±SEM (n=3. *Sigificantly higher than the untreated control cells (p < 0.05). (B) Real-time electrical impedance assay. MDA-MB-231 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were treated with 1–10 μM Cd alone or with 10 μM Cd and 1 μM Cpd 22 or 0.5 μM DPI. Electrical impedance was measured every 15 s. Increased attachment between cell and electrode coated-plates was quantified as elevations in cell index (n=3). (C) Immuno- fluorescence staining for α-actinin. Attached MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 1 or 3 μM Cd for 3 h. Then cells were fixed and stained with α-actinin antibody. DAPI was added to the slide before microscopic imaging. Upper images were taken under 10 X objective lens. Lower images were taken under oil lens at 100 X. Arrows point to α-actinin in filopodia.

Fig. 1 — Cell spreading and adhesion in Cd-treated cells. (A) Wound healing assay. Before treatment with Cd, cross-scratches were made evenly on MDA-MB-231 cell monolayers. The cells were then treated with 0.5 or 1 μM Cd for 2 days. Representative images of cells migrating into the scratched area are shown. Bar graphs were generated using ImageJ software to measure scratch closure over 2 days, relative to the original scratch. Results are plotted as mean±SEM (n=3. *Sigificantly higher than the untreated control cells (p < 0.05). (B) Real-time electrical impedance assay. MDA-MB-231 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were treated with 1–10 μM Cd alone or with 10 μM Cd and 1 μM Cpd 22 or 0.5 μM DPI. Electrical impedance was measured every 15 s. Increased attachment between cell and electrode coated-plates was quantified as elevations in cell index (n=3). (C) Immuno- fluorescence staining for α-actinin. Attached MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 1 or 3 μM Cd for 3 h. Then cells were fixed and stained with α-actinin antibody. DAPI was added to the slide before microscopic imaging. Upper images were taken under 10 X objective lens. Lower images were taken under oil lens at 100 X. Arrows point to α-actinin in filopodia.