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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Vasc Surg. 2016 Aug 26;29(4):153–171. doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.08.005

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Diagram depicting the 3 phases of ECM changes during the adaptive process of AVF maturation. There is an early phase of ECM breakdown from MMP degradation. A transition phase follows with collagen and elastin reorganization of the venous scaffold. A later rebuilding phase strengthens the matrix of the AVF with larger non-collagenous and glycoproteins. TIMP-1, osteopontin and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) are highly expressed throughout AVF maturation suggesting regulatory roles for these proteins.