Table 5.
Study | Year | Study Design | No. of Patients | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|
Daubert et al. [79] | 2016 | Phase I randomised, placebo-controlled trial | 36 patients with stable heart failure (EF < 45% and NYHA Class II–III) | Heart failure treated with elamipretide compared to placebo resulted in: Reduced left ventricular end-systolic volume (between-group difference −13.7; 95% CI −22.7–−4.8; p = 0.005) and end-diastolic volume (between-group difference −17.9 mL; 95% CI −30.6–−5.2; p = 0.009) Elamipretide was well tolerated with no influence on blood and pressure and heart rate |
Sabbah et al. [71] | 2016 | Canine experiment | 14 dogs | Treatment of dogs with heart failure with elamipretide compared to intravenous saline resulted in: Improved EF (6% increase compared to pretreatment, p < 0.05) with no change in control Reduced end-systolic LV volume (3 mL, p < 0.05) compared to increased volume in the control group Increased maximum rate of ATP synthesis and increased ATP/ADP ratio (p < 0.05) No effect on heart rate, mean aortic pressure, systemic vascular resistance or LV end-diastolic volume |
Gupta et al. [78] | 2016 | Canine experiment | 14 dogs | Treatment of dogs with heart failure with elamipretide resulted in restoration of near normal levels of cMyBPC-S282 in the left ventricle (p < 0.05) |
Shi et al. [72] | 2015 | Murine experiment | 24 rats | Treatment of post-MI rats with elamipretide showed: Restored gene expression of mitochondrial energy metabolism Promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis Regulation of glucose and fatty acid oxidation related gene expression Preserved SERCA2a expression Reduction in cardiac fibrosis |
Dai et al. [77] | 2014 | Murine experiment | 56 rats | Rats treated with elamipretide compared to water after acute MI showed improved LV function and prevention of adverse left ventricle remodelling. |
Sabbah et al. [80] | 2014 | Canine experiment | 12 dogs | Dogs with heart failure treated with elamipretide compared to normal saline resulted in normalised expression of cardiolipin-remodelling genes and proteins (p < 0.05) |
EF = ejection fraction; LV = left ventricle; cMyBPC-S282 = cardiac myosin binding protein-C at serine 282; SERCA2a = sarco/endoplasmic reticulum; MI = myocardial infarct.