Table 3.
Mayo Clinic System (MCS) and Pause Marker (PM) classification findings for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS).
| Participants |
CAS classification |
Demographics |
Speech competence |
PM |
Supplemental PM Signs (SPMS) |
PM classification |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | No. | MCS | PM | Age (years) | Sex | PCC (%) | PVC (%) | Pause opportunities | Inappropriate Type I pauses | PMscore (%) | Rate | Stress | Transcoding | PM description | PM classification |
| Consensus groups | |||||||||||||||
| CAS+ (n = 31) | + | + | |||||||||||||
| M | 9.7 | 58.1% M/41.9% F | 72.6 | 87.8 | 98.3 | 13.2 | 86.2 | ||||||||
| SD | 4.8 | 12.2 | 8.1 | 33.2 | 8.4 | 8.0 | |||||||||
| Range | 4–23 | 36.8–94.3 | 62.9–98.4 | 46–167 | 3–36 | 62.1–95.5 | |||||||||
| % positive | 75.0 | 78.6 | 78.6 | ||||||||||||
| CAS− (n = 16) | − | − | |||||||||||||
| M | 7.6 | 75.0% M/25.0% F | 83.1 | 93.1 | 122.0 | 1.4 | 99.0 | ||||||||
| SD | 1.5 | 12.2 | 3.8 | 33.0 | 1.7 | 1.2 | |||||||||
| Range | 4–10 | 44.9–98.4 | 86.7–99.6 | 80–179 | 0–5 | 96.7–100.0 | |||||||||
| % positive | 33.3 | 18.8 | 46.7 | ||||||||||||
| Classification disagreements | |||||||||||||||
| MCS+/PM− (n = 5) | + | − | |||||||||||||
| 1 | + | − | 5 | M | 74.6 | 96.4 | 120 | 0 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | PM−/SPMS− | PM− | |
| 2 | + | − | 8 | M | 75.0 | 88.1 | 111 | 3 | 97.3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | PM−/SPMS+ | PM− | |
| 3 | + | − | 14 | M | 89.9 | 98.5 | 144 | 5 | 96.5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | PM−/SPMS+ | PM− | |
| 4 | + | − | 16 | F | 94.5 | 97.1 | 154 | 7 | (95.5) | 0 | 1 | 0 | (PM)/SPMS− | (PM−) | |
| 5 | + | − | 25 | F | 88.7 | 97.0 | 85 | 3 | 96.5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | PM−/SPMS− | PM− | |
| M | 13.6 | 60.0% M/40.0% F | 84.5 | 95.4 | 122.8 | 3.6 | 97.2 | ||||||||
| SD | 7.8 | 9.1 | 4.2 | 27.4 | 2.6 | 1.7 | |||||||||
| Range | 5–25 | 74.6–94.5 | 88.1–98.5 | 85–154 | 0–7 | 95.5–100.0 | |||||||||
| % positive | 60.0 | 20.0 | 40.0 | ||||||||||||
| MCS−/PM+ (n = 6) | − | + | |||||||||||||
| 6 | − | + | 6 | M | 77.1 | 97.1 | 181 | 14 | 92.3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | PM+/SPMS+ | PM+ | |
| 7 | − | + | 8 | F | 54.5 | 90.5 | 50 | 7 | 86.0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | PM+/SPMS+ | PM+ | |
| 8 | − | + | 8 | M | 68.5 | 86.6 | 126 | 8 | 93.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | PM+/SPMS− | PM+ | |
| 9 | − | + | 11 | M | 70.8 | 89.1 | 97 | 6 | 93.8 | * | 1 | 1 | PM+/SPMS+ | PM+ | |
| 10 | − | + | 12 | F | 82.4 | 90.9 | 72 | 7 | 90.3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | PM+/SPMS+ | PM+ | |
| 11 | − | + | 17 | F | 77.8 | 90.7 | 113 | 18 | 84.1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | PM+/SPMS+ | PM+ | |
| M | 10.3 | 50.0% M/50% F | 71.8 | 90.8 | 106.5 | 10.0 | 90.0 | ||||||||
| SD | 3.9 | 9.9 | 3.5 | 45.7 | 4.9 | 4.1 | |||||||||
| Range | 6–17 | 54.5–82.4 | 86.6–97.1 | 50–181 | 6–18 | 84.1–93.8 | |||||||||
| % positive | 80.0 | 66.7 | 66.7 | ||||||||||||
Note. Table entries in parenthesis are termed “marginal” classifications. Due to the participants marginal status, no positive or negative description is assigned. An asterisk denotes missing data. SPMS = supplemental PM signs; PCC = percentage of consonants correct; PVC = percentage of vowels correct.