Table 6.
Standardized conversational speech findings for speaking rate, articulation rate, and sentential stress for participants in the childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), adult-onset apraxia of speech (AAS), and speech delay (SD) groups.
| Group | Descriptive statistics |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Speaking rate (syllable/s) |
Articulation rate (syllable/s) |
Sentential stress (% appropriate utterances) |
||||
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| SD (n = 204) | ||||||
| Raw score (ms) | 3.2 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 88.9 | 9.6 |
| z-score | −0.04 | 0.96 | −0.14 | 0.83 | 0.16 | 1.19 |
| CAS (PM+) (n = 34) | ||||||
| Raw score (ms) | 2.7 | 0.6 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 60.1 | 22.7 |
| z-score | −1.43 | 1.13 | −1.40 | 1.10 | −3.02 | 2.13 |
| AAS (PM+) (n = 22) | ||||||
| Raw score (ms) | 2.1 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 50.4 | 26.3 |
| z-score | −3.26 | 1.33 | −3.01 | 1.50 | −4.09 | 1.62 |
| Inferential statistics using z-scores | ||||||
| Comparison | Speaking rate (syllable/s) | Articulation rate (syllable/s) | Sentential stress (% appropriate utterances) | |||
| a effect size | CI | effect size | CI | effect size | CI | |
| CAS and SD | −1.41 V | −1.79, −1.02 | −1.44 V | −1.82, −1.05 | −2.33 E | −2.75, −1.91 |
| AAS and SD | −3.21 E | −3.74, −2.68 | −3.13 E | −3.66, −2.60 | −3.42 E | −3.97, −2.88 |
| CAS and AAS | 1.49 V | 0.89, 2.09 | 1.25 V | 0.67, 1.83 | 0.54 M | 0.00, 1.09 |
Note. PM+ = positive for pause marker; CI = confidence interval.
a
Effect size: Small (S) >0.2; Medium (M) >0.5; Large (L) >0.8; Very Large (V) >1.0; Extremely Large (E) > 2.0. Significant effect sizes are underlined.