Table 1.

Athletes and controls′ data

Group	n	Main event	M/F	Top/National level	Age
					(Mean±SD, range)
Runners
Long distance	63	5000 m-	51/12	22/41	32.4 ± 9.5 (17–55)
		marathon
Middle distance	50	800–1500 m	41/9	23/27	32.1 ± 15.0 (17–80)
Short distance	72	100–200 m,	49/23	23/49	30.5 ± 13.7 (17–71)
		jumps
Swimmers
Long distance	38	400–1500 m	22/16	9/29	25.3 ± 9.3 (16–48)
Short distance	42	50–100 m	27/15	8/34	23.1 ± 7.6 (16–49)
Controls	12	nr	77/50	nr	26.4 ± 5.8 (19-29)
	7