Table 5.

The apparent permeability (P_app) of ATRA from each formulation

Formulations (ATRA concentration, mg/mL)	Papp (×10−7 cm/s)
Fish oil (1.4)	18.11±1.58
ATRA-loaded ME 1 (10)	16.31±1.41
ATRA-loaded ME 2 (11)	13.73±0.89
ATRA-loaded ME 3 (14)	17.29±4.13
ATRA-loaded ME 4 (18)	24.42±1.77

Note: Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation (n=3).

Abbreviations: ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; ME, microemulsion.