Table 4.
Relationship between frequency of buying/trading prescription stimulants and clinical executive functioning measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Adult Version (BRIEF-A).
| 1–5 Times (N=53) | 6–20 times (N=23) | 20+ Times (N=7) | F statistic, p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subscale | ||||
| Inhibition | 53.4 ± 11.3 | 56.7 ± 12.6 | 65.3 ± 13.6 | F=3.3; p=0.041 |
| Shifting | 50.5 ± 9.2 | 51.3 ± 12.5 | 61.4 ± 14.9 | F=3.2; p=0.046 |
| Emotional Control | 45.5 ± 8.2 | 52.4 ± 12.7 | 56.1 ± 14.6 | F=6.0; p=0.004 |
| Self Monitor | 48.3 ± 9.1 | 51 ± 12.1 | 60.7 ± 11.8 | F=4.7; p=0.01 |
| Initiation | 51.0 ± 9.9 | 54.6 ± 12.6 | 68.7 ± 11.8 | F=8.4; p<0.001 |
| Working Memory | 54.9 ± 11.7 | 55.1 ±12.5 | 66.9 ± 13.4 | F=3.1; p=0.049 |
| Plan/Organize | 51.4 ± 9.8 | 54.0 ± 13.2 | 69.4 ± 11.2 | F=8.4; p<0.001 |
| Task Monitor | 54.7 ± 11.6 | 55.0 ± 12.9 | 63.6 ± 13.5 | F=1.7; p=0.2 |
| Organization of Material | 50.8 ± 11.8 | 53.3 ± 9.9 | 63.1 ± 9.1 | F=3.9; p=0.02 |
| Index | ||||
| Metacognition | 50.5 ± 9.1 | 52.4 ± 10.5 | 64.7 ± 9.4 | F=6.9; p=0.002 |
| Behavioral Regulation | 47.0 ± 7.4 | 51.2 ± 10.5 | 58.4 ± 12.3 | F=6.1; p=0.004 |
| Global Executive Composite | 48.9 ± 8.3 | 51.7 ± 10.1 | 62.4 ± 11.3 | F=7.1; p=0.002 |
Among misusers only (N=83) who answered the prompt, “On how many occasions have you bought or traded prescription ADHD medication that was not prescribed to you?” a linear association between prescription stimulant diversion frequency and T-score on the BRIEF-A subscales was observed