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. 2017 Aug 8;7:7599. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07953-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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CAPE and CAPE-pNO₂ induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. HT-29 and HCT-116 cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μmol/L CAPE and CAPE-pNO₂ for 48 h. The apoptosis rates of HT-29 cells (A) and HCT-116 cells (B) were calculated by SigmaPlot 12.5. Flow cytometry analysis in HT-29 (C) and HCT-116 (D) cells. HT-29 cells (E) and HCT-116 (F) cells (×200) were stained by Hoechst 33342 after treatment with different concentrations of CAPE and CAPE-pNO₂ for 48 h. From the microscopic vision fields, the cell number was decreased, and fluorescence was increased by treatment for 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. Values represented the means ± SD from three independent experiments, and error bars represented the STDEV (SD). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01: CAPE and CAPE-pNO₂ compared with the control. ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01: CAPE-pNO₂ compared with CAPE at the same concentration.