Table 3.
Dietary Red and Processed Meat Intake and Risk of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis*
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Ptrend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red Meat Intake | ||||||
| Crohn’s disease | ||||||
| Cases/person-years | 55/571,487 | 42/621,342 | 56/603,157 | 66/708,647 | 41/569,491 | |
| Age-adjusted HR, 95% CI | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.47–1.06) | 0.95 (0.65–1.38) | 0.99 (0.69–1.42) | 0.76 (0.50–1.13) | 0.69 |
| MV-adjusted HR, 95% CI§ | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.43–0.98) | 0.86 (0.58–1.26) | 0.88 (0.60–1.28) | 0.68 (0.44–1.05) | 0.40 |
| Ulcerative colitis | ||||||
| Cases/person-years | 52/571,487 | 58/621,342 | 55/603,157 | 102/708,647 | 52/569,491 | |
| Age-adjusted HR, 95% CI | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.70–1.48) | 1.09 (0.74–1.59) | 1.54 (1.10–2.16) | 1.03 (0.70–1.51) | 0.14 |
| MV-adjusted HR, 95% CI§ | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.70–1.49) | 1.11 (0.75–1.63) | 1.58 (1.11–2.25) | 1.10 (0.72–1.65) | 0.08 |
| Processed Meat Intake | ||||||
| Crohn’s disease | ||||||
| Cases/person-years | 46/627,926 | 54/588,753 | 60/699,925 | 55/601,245 | 45/556,276 | |
| Age-adjusted HR, 95% CI | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.78–1.74) | 1.17 (0.80–1.73) | 1.22 (0.82–1.81) | 1.08 (0.71–1.63) | 0.67 |
| MV-adjusted HR, 95% CI§ | 1.00 | 1.10 (0.73–1.64) | 1.08 (0.73–1.61) | 1.10 (0.73–1.67) | 0.99 (0.64–1.54) | 0.99 |
| Ulcerative colitis | ||||||
| Cases/person-years | 70/627,926 | 59/588,753 | 76/699,925 | 52/601,245 | 62/556,276 | |
| Age-adjusted HR, 95% CI | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.70–1.39) | 1.00 (0.72–1.38) | 0.83 (0.58–1.20) | 1.09 (0.77–1.55) | 0.95 |
| MV-adjusted HR, 95% CI§ | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.66–1.37) | 0.98 (0.70–1.38) | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) | 1.12 (0.77–1.62) | 0.86 |
*
Abbreviations: confidence interval (CI), quintiles (Q), and standard deviation (std).
§
Models adjusted for age (months), smoking (never, past, current), body mass index at baseline (< 20,20–24.9, 25–29.9, ≥ 30 kg/m2), oral contraceptive use (ever, never), menopausal hormone therapy (never, past, current, premenopause), appendectomy (no, yes), geographic latitude of residence at age 30 (southern, middle, northern, missing/unknown), updated physical activity (quintiles), cohorts (NHS, NHSII), NSAID’s use (< 2 tablets/week, ≥ 2 tablets/week), updated fiber intake (quintiles), and total caloric intake.