Table 1.
Suicide rates per 100,000, subjective and objective well-being data for aged 65 + in 22 European countries
| Countries | Last 3 years | Suicide rate 65+ | RR 65+ versus 0–64 | Subjective well-being | Objective well-being | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | ||||
| Baltic | 29.1 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 25.1 | 17.0 | |
| Estonia | 2008–2010 | 23.4 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 25.2 | 17.2 |
| Latvia | 2008–2010 | 27.6 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 25.8 | 15.6 |
| Lithuania | 2008–2010 | 36.4 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 24.4 | 18.2 |
| Slavic | 26.6 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 22.0 | 16.4 | |
| Ukraine | 2008–2010 | 27.0 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 4.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Russia | 2008–2010 | 31.6 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 5.4 | NA | NA | 18.0 | NA |
| Bulgaria | 2009–2011 | 21.3 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 25.9 | 16.4 |
| Central-Eastern | 27.9 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 8.4 | 22.7 | 20.1 | |
| Czech Republic | 2008–2010 | 18.9 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 21.6 | 18.9 |
| Hungary | 2007–2009 | 41.2 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 9.0 | 24.1 | 22.7 |
| Slovenia | 2008–2010 | 34.1 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 8.9 | 23.8 | 22.9 |
| Romania | 2008–2010 | 17.3 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 21.3 | 16.1 |
| Continental | 20.2 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 9.3 | 10.3 | 26.4 | 29.2 | |
| Belgium | 2004–2006 | 24.2 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 26.0 | 27.9 |
| Netherlands | 2008–2010 | 10.7 | 1.3 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 10.2 | 22.8 | 28.9 |
| France | 2007–2009 | 26.1 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 11.6 | 12.1 | 25.6 | 31.2 |
| Germany | 2008–2010 | 19.6 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 31.2 | 28.9 |
| Nordic | 15.9 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 25.3 | 27.5 | |
| Sweden | 2008–2010 | 17.0 | 1.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 12.1 | 27.7 | 30.1 |
| Finland | 2008–2010 | 18.5 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 10.0 | 25.8 | 28.2 |
| Norway | 2008–2010 | 12.1 | 1.1 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 5.2 | 7.3 | 22.5 | 24.1 |
| Southern | 13.2 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 7.8 | 10.0 | 26.8 | 25.2 | |
| Spain | 2008–2010 | 13.0 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 7.7 | 24.7 | 23.8 |
| Greece | 2007–2009 | 4.2 | 1.6 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 11.3 | 28.4 | 27.0 |
| Portugal | 2008–2010 | 22.5 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 9.7 | 10.9 | 27.3 | 24.8 |
| Islands | 6.7 | 0.8 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 20.8 | 26.0 | |
| UK | 2008–2010 | 5.9 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 9.7 | 11.3 | 24.9 | 26.8 |
| Ireland | 2008–2010 | 7.4 | 0.7 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 7.9 | 8.0 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 16.7 | 25.1 |
Indicators from European Social Survey (2008 year, round 4) (the scales of subjective general health and self-rated income were reversed in order to have identical direction with other subjective well-being indicators depending on the negative or positive meaning of the indicators)
A subjective general health (physical and mental health)—How is your health in general? (1 = very good; 5 = very bad)
B self-rated income—How do you feel about your household’s income nowadays? (1 = living comfortably on present income; 4 = finding it very difficult on present income)
C life satisfaction—How satisfied are you with your life as a whole nowadays? (0 = extremely dissatisfied; 10 = extremely satisfied)
D happiness—How happy would you say you are? (0 = extremely unhappy; 10 = extremely happy)
Indicators from EUROSTAT
E old age pension % of the GDP
F expenditure on old age % of the GDP
G old-age-dependency ratio—the ratio between the total number of older persons of an age when they are generally economically inactive (aged 65 and over) and the number of persons of working age (from 15 to 64)
H social protection benefits—transfers to households, in cash or in kind, intended to relieve them of the financial burden of several risks and needs. These include disability, sickness/healthcare, old age, survivors, family/children, unemployment, housing, and social exclusion not covered elsewhere
RR suicide rate ratio