Table 1.

PPV and NPV of Biomarkers in Example Studies

Study	Pain Condition	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	Manuscript N	Biomarker Type	Manuscript Base Rate, %	Manuscript PPV, %	Manuscript NPV, %	Epi Base Rate, %	Epi PPV, %	Epi NPV, %	Clinical PPV, %	Clinical NPV, %
Labus et al14	IBS	65	75	160	Structural MRI	50	72	68	3–208	7–39	90–98.5	96	19
Ung et al22	cLBP	76	75	94	Structural MRI	50	75	76	1213	29	96	96	26
Baliki et al3	cLBP	91	92	130	Structural MRI	28	82	96	1213	61	99	99	54
	CRPS	94	96			22	88	98	.214	5	99	99	64
	OA	75	95			22	81	93	1210	67	97	99	30
Callan et al7	cLBP	92	92	26	Functional MRI	50	92	92	1213	61	99	99	57

Abbreviations: Epi, epidemiological; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome; OA, osteoarthritis.

NOTE. The bold data represent the markers’ predictive value with the epidemiological and clinical base rates.