Fig 3. Volcano plots of the unpaired t-tests of the mRNA expression fold change for active vs latent HIV infections in monocytes (N = 2): Volcano plot is primarily a scatter plot that is used for identification of changes in specific data sets by plotting significance value versus fold-change on the y- and x-axis respectively.

Our study show differentially expressed mRNAs with statistical significance that passed Volcano Plot filtering (Fold Change > = 2.0 and P-value < = 0.05). Most mRNAs showed variations with 2 to 6 fold; nonetheless, CD14 and RPS6KA2 mRNAs were 35.62 and 76.22 fold upregulated and downregulated, respectively. The vertical lines correspond to 2.0-fold up and down and the horizontal line represents a P-value up to 0.05. So the blue triangles in the plot represent the differentially expressed mRNAs with statistical significance. This represents subsets of differentially expressed mRNAs from common convergent neighboring gene network shared by AIDS, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and age macular degeneration.