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. 2017 Aug 9;7:7652. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07967-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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AA, AG and GG individuals express similar levels of CD25, Foxp3 and CTLA-4 molecules. CD4⁺CD25⁻ T cells were activated in vitro with aCD3 antibody and CHO-CD80 cell line in the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ for 5 days. (A) Representative flow cytometry plots showing proliferating T cells expressing CD25, Foxp3 and CTLA-4. (B) Percentage of proliferating cells that express CD25, Foxp3 and CTLA-4 under no vitamin D treatment conditions (VitD−). (C–E) Data show the percentage of proliferating cells that express CD25, Foxp3 and CTLA-4 and their respective median fluorescence intensity values for GG, AA and AG genotypes of the PSC CD28 risk allele locus. Representative overlay histograms showing the expression of each marker in the presence and absence of 1,25(OH)₂D₃. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.