Table 3.

Scoring system for 1-year hip fracture risk among osteoporotic women aged ≥65 years

(1) Sum individual scores corresponding to level of each risk factor for a given patient
Risk factors	Score
Short MMSE
≤23	5
>23	0
Total hip T-score
≤−3.5	8
>−3.5 to −3.0	5
>−3.0 to −2.5	0
Prior non-vertebral fracturea
Yes	5
No	0
Walking speed (m/s)
<0.70	11
0.70 to 1.0	10
>1.0	0
Use of arms for chair stands or poor/very poor tandem stand
Yes	5
No	0
(2) Find predicted 1-year risk of hip fracture corresponding to total risk score
Total score	Predicted 1-year risk of hip fracture (%)
0	<0.5
5–15	0.5–<1.5
16–21	1.5–<2.5
22–28	2.5–<5.0
29–34	≥5.0

Example: the total score for a woman with MMSE of 24, total hip T-score of −2.7, no prior non-vertebral fracture, walking speed of 1.1 m/s, and no use of arms for chair stands/not poor/very poor tandem stand would be 0 (0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0), which corresponds to a <0.5% risk of hip fracture over a 1-year period. By contrast, the total score for a women with MMSE of 20, total hip T-score of −3.5, history of non-vertebral fracture, walking speed of ≤0.70 m/s, and use of arms for chair stands would be 34 (5 + 8 + 5 + 11 + 5), which corresponds to a ≥5.0% risk of hip fracture over a 1-year period

^aAfter age 50 years