Table 4.
Primary Outcomes
| Variable | Change in QIDS-SR (primary outcome) | Change in PHQ-9 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beta (SE[beta]) | df | p-value | beta (SE[beta]) | df | p-value | |
| Week | −0.7704 (0.1730) | 1, 50 | <0.0001 | −1.0944 (0.2098) | 1, 48 | <0.0001 |
| Baseline | −0.3293 (0.07670) | 1, 107 | <0.0001 | −0.2040 (0.07981) | 1, 108 | 0.012 |
| Gender – Female* | −0.9643 (0.7753) | 1, 107 | 0.2163 | −1.1525 (0.9752) | 1, 108 | 0.2399 |
| Past depressive episodes* | 3, 100 | 0.4505 | 3, 101 | 0.088 | ||
| 1 | −0.09541 (1.4641) | 0.9482 | 0.3031 (1.7871) | 0.8657 | ||
| 2–4 | 1.5741 (1.0529) | 0.1381 | 3.0741 (1.3178) | 0.0216 | ||
| 5–12 | 0.5900 (0.9576) | 0.5392 | 0.6042 (1.1869) | 0.6118 | ||
| 12+ | Referent | Referent | ||||
| ECT* | −1.0825 (0.7802) | 1, 104 | 0.1683 | 0.5326 (0.9648) | 1, 105 | 0.5821 |
| ACE* | −0.5112 (0.1702) | 1, 106 | 0.0033 | −0.5147 (0.2096) | 1, 107 | 0.0157 |
| Stimulation site* | 0.6130 (0.8327) | 1, 51 | 0.4650 | −0.9038 (1.0322) | 1, 51 | 0.3853 |
*
With week and baseline as co-variates
Abbreviations: PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; QIDS-SR = Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms, Self-Rating; ECT = electroconvulsive therapy; ACE = Adverse Childhood Experiences