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. 2017 Jun 8;6(7):1074–1083. doi: 10.1242/bio.023895

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Structures of the sugars, sugar alcohols and artificial sweeteners used. Natural saccharides included: (A) D-galactose, shown in open ring, alpha-pyranose and beta-pyranose conformations; (B) lactose; (C) maltose; (D) trehalose; (E) sucrose. Synthetic disaccharide: (F) lactulose. Sugar alcohols: (G) erythritol; (H) xylitol. Artificial sweeteners: (I) aspartame; (J) saccharin.