Figure 1.

Experimental design used in the fMRI Study. A, The stimuli were presented using an alternating block design and each task had four blocks. In the novel vocabulary learning task, stimuli within each block were organized into four learning stages of equal length. B, Each trial lasted 4.5 s, starting with presentation of the picture of the object for 2.5 s and simultaneous auditory presentation of a pseudoword or real word, depending on the task, for ∼1 s. Within the first 2.5 s, participants were also required to respond to the stimulus. After the first 2.5 s visually presented feedback was displayed for the remaining 2 s.