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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 11.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2017 Jul 11;136(2):152–166. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025848

Table 4.

Hazard ratios for fatal, nonfatal and total CHD among black versus white women.

45–64 years of age ≥65 years of age
ARIC REGARDS CHS REGARDS* REGARDS†
(N=8,488) (N=7,822) (N=2,790) (N=4,112) (N=4,112)
Fatal CHD, events 59 59 145 81 81
Hazard ratios (95% CI)
 Model 1 2.61 (1.57–4.34) 1.79 (1.06–3.03) 1.23 (0.82–1.84) 1.57 (1.01–2.43) 1.41 (0.91–2.19)
 Model 2 1.35 (0.82–2.24) 1.38 (0.79–2.41) 1.00 (0.66–1.54) 1.37 (0.85–2.23) 1.26 (0.77–2.05)
 Model 3 1.26 (0.73–2.16) 1.08 (0.62–1.88) 0.82 (0.53–1.26) 1.19 (0.74–1.91) 1.06 (0.65–1.71)
 Model 4 0.77 (0.42–1.40) 1.00 (0.54–1.83) 0.74 (0.46–1.19) 1.07 (0.65–1.76) 0.98 (0.59–1.63)
 Model 5 0.72 (0.40–1.31) 1.00 (0.55–1.84) NA NA NA
 Model 6 0.67 (0.36–1.26) 1.00 (0.54–1.85) 0.75 (0.46–1.20) 1.08 (0.65–1.82) 0.99 (0.59–1.66)
Nonfatal CHD, events 244 128 201 129 192
Hazard ratios (95% CI)
 Model 1 1.47 (1.13–1.91) 1.29 (0.91–1.83) 1.21 (0.85–1.72) 0.86 (0.60–1.23) 1.14 (0.85–1.52)
 Model 2 0.98 (0.73–1.31) 1.04 (0.71–1.53) 1.09 (0.76–1.56) 0.76 (0.53–1.10) 0.98 (0.73–1.31)
 Model 3 0.93 (0.68–1.25) 0.95 (0.65–1.41) 0.96 (0.67–1.39) 0.69 (0.47–0.99) 0.90 (0.67–1.22)
 Model 4 0.74 (0.54–1.02) 0.74 (0.49–1.11) 0.97 (0.66–1.44) 0.67 (0.45–0.98) 0.84 (0.61–1.15)
 Model 5 0.72 (0.52–0.99) 0.74 (0.49–1.11) NA NA NA
 Model 6 0.70 (0.51–0.97) 0.70 (0.46–1.06) 0.96 (0.65–1.42) 0.68 (0.46–1.01) 0.86 (0.63–1.19)
Total CHD, events 303 187 346 210 273
Hazard ratios (95% CI)
 Model 1 1.66 (1.32–2.09) 1.44 (1.08–1.92) 1.23 (0.94–1.60) 1.10 (0.83–1.45) 1.22 (0.96–1.55)
 Model 2 1.05 (0.81–1.36) 1.14 (0.83–1.56) 1.06 (0.81–1.39) 0.97 (0.72–1.29) 1.06 (0.82–1.36)
 Model 3 0.99 (0.76–1.29) 0.99 (0.72–1.35) 0.90 (0.68–1.19) 0.86 (0.64–1.14) 0.95 (0.73–1.22)
 Model 4 0.74 (0.56–0.98) 0.81 (0.58–1.14) 0.87 (0.65–1.18) 0.81 (0.60–1.09) 0.88 (0.68–1.15)
 Model 5 0.71 (0.53–0.95) 0.81 (0.58–1.14) NA NA NA
 Model 6 0.69 (0.51–0.92) 0.78 (0.55–1.09) 0.87 (0.64–1.17) 0.82 (0.61–1.12) 0.90 (0.69–1.18)

ARIC: Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities; CHD: coronary heart disease; CHS: Cardiovascular Health Study; CI: confidence interval; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; NA: not applicable; MI: myocardial infarction; REGARDS: REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke; SBP: systolic blood pressure.

*

Using the primary definition of CHD.

†

Using the secondary definition of CHD which includes MI hospitalizations detected through Medicare claims.

Analyses were conducted using competing risk regression and multiple imputation for missing data. The maximum follow-up for all analyses was 11 years. Mean follow-up was 10.5 years in ARIC, 7.0 years among participants 45–64 years of age in REGARDS, 9.5 years in CHS, and 7.0 years among participants ≥65 years of age in REGARDS when using the primary and secondary definition of CHD.

Model 1 adjusts for age.

Model 2 adjusts for age, education and income levels (and region of residence in REGARDS).

Model 3 adjusts for covariates in Model 2 plus alcohol consumption, physical activity, waist circumference and current smoking.

Model 4 adjusts for covariates in Model 3 plus diabetes, reduced eGFR, stroke, SBP, use of antihypertensive medications, total and HDL cholesterol, and use of lipid-lowering medication.

Model 5 adjusts for covariates in Model 4 plus health insurance among participants <65 years of age (all participants ≥65 years of age had Medicare).

Model 6 adjusts for covariates in Model 5 plus left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation (except in ARIC).