Table 5.
Case-fatality among black versus white women with incident CHD.
| 45–64 years of age | ≥65 years of age | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARIC | REGARDS | CHS | REGARDS* | REGARDS† | |
| Case-fatality (fatal CHD/total CHD) | |||||
|
| |||||
| Blacks | 24.6% (30/122) | 34.6% (36/104) | 44.1% (30/68) | 47.0% (39/83) | 32.5% (37/114) |
|
| |||||
| Whites | 16.0% (29/181) | 27.7% (23/83) | 41.4% (115/278) | 33.1% (42/127) | 27.7% (44/159) |
|
| |||||
| Case-fatality ratio (95% CI)‡ | |||||
|
| |||||
| Model 1 | 1.57 (1.00–2.46) | 1.25 (0.81–1.93) | 0.99 (0.73–1.35) | 1.48 (1.06–2.08) | 1.18 (0.82–1.71) |
|
| |||||
| Model 2 | 1.27 (0.81–2.00) | 1.19 (0.76–1.86) | 0.95 (0.69–1.30) | 1.46 (1.00–2.12) | 1.21 (0.79–1.84) |
|
| |||||
| Model 3 | 1.27 (0.79–2.04) | 1.18 (0.74–1.87) | 0.91 (0.66–1.26) | 1.41 (0.96–2.06) | 1.14 (0.76–1.71) |
|
| |||||
| Model 4 | 1.09 (0.67–1.76) | 1.29 (0.81–2.06) | 0.87 (0.63–1.21) | 1.44 (0.98–2.13) | 1.12 (0.74–1.69) |
|
| |||||
| Model 5 | 1.12 (0.68–1.84) | 1.30 (0.82–2.06) | NA | NA | NA |
|
| |||||
| Model 6 | 1.09 (0.65–1.82) | 1.40 (0.88–2.21) | 0.90 (0.64–1.26) | 1.43 (0.97–2.12) | 1.11 (0.73–1.68) |
ARIC: Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities; CHD: coronary heart disease; CHS: Cardiovascular Health Study; CI: confidence interval; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; NA: not applicable; MI: myocardial infarction; REGARDS: REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke; SBP: systolic blood pressure.
Using the primary definition of CHD.
Using the secondary definition of CHD which includes MI hospitalizations detected through Medicare claims.
Case-fatality ratios were calculated comparing blacks versus whites (reference group).
Analyses were conducted using multiple imputation for missing data.
Note: REGARDS study participants ≥65 years of age with incident fatal CHD by the primary definition can have incident nonfatal CHD by the secondary definition if they had a Medicare claim for a MI hospitalization at least 28 days before their death date.
Model 1 adjusts for age.
Model 2 adjusts for age, education and income levels (and region of residence in REGARDS).
Model 3 adjusts for covariates in Model 2 plus alcohol consumption, physical activity, waist circumference and current smoking.
Model 4 adjusts for covariates in Model 3 plus diabetes, reduced eGFR, stroke, SBP, use of antihypertensive medications, total and HDL cholesterol, and use of lipid-lowering medication.
Model 5 adjusts for covariates in Model 4 plus health insurance among participants <65 years of age (all participants ≥65 years of age had Medicare).
Model 6 adjusts for covariates in Model 5 plus left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation (except in ARIC).