Figure 6.
Autoantibody sequential studies and clinical evaluation of women who have babies with CHB of any degree, EFE or congenital valvular disease in an otherwise structurally-normal fetal heart. For women with negative results in Ro/La commercial tests, we recommend extending immunological studies to include anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies using a native antigen. *Systemic autoimmune diseases more frequently identified in CHB-affected mothers. Abbreviations: CHB, congenital heart block; EFE, endocardial fibroelastosis, pSS, primary Sjögren syndrome; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.