Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of investigated neonates and their mothers.

Variable	Conotruncal heart defects (n = 43)	Nonconotruncal heart defects (n = 40)	Controls (n = 59)	p value
Mothers
(i) Age (years)	26 [4.3]	29 [5.8]	31 [5.4]	0.5
(ii) Primigravida [n, %]	26, 60.5%	27, 67.5%	35, 59.3%	0.4
(iii) Dietary supplementation of folic acid [n, %]	37, 86.0%	35, 87.5%	53, 89.8%	0.3
(iv) Delivery mode: caesarean section [n, %]	26, 60.5%	22, 55.0%	30, 50.8%	0.1
Newborns
(i) Gender female [n, %]	20, 46.5%	23, 57.5%	30, 50.8%	0.7
(ii) Gestational age (weeks)	38.5 [3.6]	37 [2.7]	39.5 [4.2]	0.6
(iii) Birth weight (g)	3090 [620]	3313 [840]	3230 [750]	0.4
(iv) Head circumference (cm)	34.5 [2.0]	34.5 [1.5]	34.0 [2.5]	0.1
(v) Body length (cm)	53.0 [1.5]	54.5 [2.5]	53.5 [1.5]	0.5
(vi) Apgar 1st min [n, %]
0–3 pts	2, 4.7%	1, 2.3%	0	0.6
4–7 pts	5, 11.6%	8, 20.0%	8, 13.6%
8–10 pts	36, 83.7%	32, 80.0%	51, 86.4%
(vii) Apgar 5th min [n, %]
0–3 pts	0	0	0	0.5
4–7 pts	2, 4.7%	6, 15.0%	5, 8.5%
8–10 pts	41, 95.3%	34, 85.0%	54, 81.5%

Results are shown as mean and standard deviation [SD] or percentile; p value from Kruskal-Wallis test or chi square test.