Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Total (n = 79) n (%) |
Integrated Care (n = 40) n (%) |
Usual Care (n = 39) n (%) |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age | Mean (SD) | 55.7 (8.4) | 54.0 (8.7) | 57.4 (7.7) | 0.01 |
| BMI | Mean (SD) | 28.8 (5.5) | 29.0 (5.8) | 28.6 (5.3) | 0.79 |
| Gender | Male | 75 (94.9) | 37 (92.5) | 38 (97.4) | 0.62 |
| Race/ethnicity | African American or Black | 19 (24.1) | 7 (17.5) | 12 (30.8) | 0.36 |
| White | 47 (59.5) | 25 (62.5) | 22 (56.4) | ||
| Native American | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | ||
| Hispanic | 11 (13.9) | 7 (17.5) | 4 (10.3) | ||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1 (1.3) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) | ||
| Marital status | Single | 20 (25.3) | 11 (27.5) | 9 (23.1) | 0.69 |
| Married or widowed | 25 (31.6) | 11 (27.5) | 14 (35.9) | ||
| Separated or divorced | 33 (41.8) | 18 (45.0) | 15 (38.5) | ||
| Missing | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | ||
| Education | Grades 1 to 8 | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | 0.61 |
| Grades 9 to 11 | 4 (5.1) | 2 (5.0) | 2 (5.1) | ||
| High school/GED | 18 (22.8) | 12 (30.0) | 6 (15.4) | ||
| Some college | 43 (54.4) | 21 (52.5) | 22 (56.4) | ||
| College grad | 6 (7.6) | 2 (5.0) | 4 (10.2) | ||
| Post-grad | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | ||
| Missing | 6 (7.6) | 3 (7.5) | 3 (7.7) | ||
| Employment | Full- and part-time | 9 (11.4) | 4 (10.0) | 5 (12.8) | 0.92 |
| Unemployed | 28 (35.4) | 13 (32.5) | 15 (38.5) | ||
| Disabled | 29 (36.7) | 15 (37.5) | 14 (35.9) | ||
| Retired or volunteer | 11 (13.9) | 7 (17.5) | 4 (10.2) | ||
| Missing | 2 (2.5) | 1 (2.5) | 1 (2.6) | ||
| Homeless in last 5 years | Negative | 38 (48.1) | 18 (45.0) | 20 (51.3) | 0.51 |
| Positive | 33 (41.8) | 19 (47.5) | 14 (35.9) | ||
| Missing | 8 (10.1) | 3 (7.5) | 5 (12.8) | ||
|
| |||||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||
| Primary genotype | Type 1 | 62 (78.5) | 29 (72.5) | 33 (84.6) | 0.27 |
| Types 2, 3, and 4 | 17 (21.5) | 11 (27.5) | 6 (15.4) | ||
| Fibrosis level | Mean (SD) | 2.2 (1.8) | 2.1 (1.8) | 2.3 (1.9) | 0.84 |
| Prior liver biopsy | 36 (45.6) | 18 (45) | 18 (46.2) | 0.99 | |
| Biopsy after enrollment | 18 (22.8) | 8 (20) | 10 (25.6) | 0.60 | |
| Prior HCV treatment | 14 (17.7) | 7 (17.5) | 7 (17.9) | 0.96 | |
| Prior psychiatric illness | 50 (63.3) | 27 (67.5) | 23 (59) | 0.49 | |
| Prior substance abuse | 37 (46.8) | 19 (47.5) | 18 (46.2) | 0.99 | |
| Other prior comorbidity | 34 (43%) | 16 (40%) | 18 (46.2) | 0.65 | |
| Number of comorbid disorders | Mean (SD) | 0.59 (0.81) | 0.6 (0.9) | 0.59 (0.72) | 0.73 |
|
| |||||
| Eligibility screen measures | |||||
| Depression (BDI) screena | Negative | 22 (27.8) | 14 (35.0) | 8 (20.5) | 0.21 |
| Positive | 56 (70.9) | 26 (65.0) | 30 (78.9) | ||
| Missing | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | ||
| Depression (BDI score) | Mean (SD) | 15.5 (9.2) | 15.4 (9.5) | 15.7 (9.0) | 0.96 |
| PTSD risk screenb | Positive | 36 (53.7) | 21 (56.8) | 18 (52.9) | 0.81 |
| Alcohol (AUDIT-C) screenc | Positive | 15 (19.0) | 7 (17.5) | 8 (20.5) | 0.78 |
| AUDIT-C screen score | Mean (SD) | 1.5 (2.9) | 1.4 (2.5) | 1.7 (3.2) | 0.83 |
| Active drug use screend | Positive | 13 (16.5) | 5 (12.5) | 8 (20.5) | 0.38 |
| Active alcohol risk or drug use (past 6 months) | Positive | 25 (31.6) | 12 (30.0) | 13 (33.3) | 0.81 |
aBDI screen positive score includes scores ≥ 10; bVA Primary Care PTSD screen score ≥ 3; cAUDIT-C screen positive score ≥ 4 at baseline; dself-reported active drug use and/or positive urine toxicology in 6 months prior to baseline (excluding marijuana).