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Kinetics of the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition by La3+(A), Gd3+ (B,D), and Zn2+ (C) in 2% NaCl (A–C) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 2% NaCl (D). Bacteria were exposed to different dilutions of soluble salts of Gd3+ and La3+ (rare earth elements), and Zn2+ and luminescence was followed during first 30 s of the contact with chemicals. Tested nominal concentrations (mg metal/L) are shown in the inset.
